How to perform hysterectomy surgery
Hysterectomy is one of the common gynecological surgeries and is used to treat uterine fibroids, endometriosis, uterine prolapse, malignant tumors and other diseases. With the development of medical technology, surgical methods are becoming increasingly diversified. This article will combine the hot topics and hot content on the Internet in the past 10 days to introduce in detail the steps, types, risks and postoperative care of hysterectomy surgery.
1. Common types of hysterectomy surgery
Depending on the scope of surgery and the method of operation, hysterectomy surgery can be divided into the following categories:
| Surgery type | Scope of application | Features |
|---|---|---|
| total hysterectomy | hysterectomy and cervical resection | The most common, suitable for benign and malignant tumors |
| subtotal hysterectomy | preserve cervix | Reduce impact on pelvic floor structures |
| laparoscopic surgery | Minimally invasive method | Fast recovery and small scars |
| transvaginal surgery | No abdominal incision | Suitable for patients with uterine prolapse |
| robot-assisted surgery | Precise operation | The cost is high and the technical threshold is high |
2. Specific steps of hysterectomy surgery
Taking laparoscopic total hysterectomy as an example, the surgical procedure is as follows:
| steps | Operation content |
|---|---|
| 1. Preparation before surgery | 8 hours of fasting, bowel cleansing, and anesthesia assessment |
| 2. Establish pneumoperitoneum | Inject CO₂ gas into the abdomen to create operating space |
| 3. Place the casing | Insert laparoscope and surgical instruments |
| 4. Separate adhesions | Treat adhesions between the uterus and surrounding tissues |
| 5. Cut the ligament | Separate the round ligament, broad ligament and uterine blood vessels |
| 6. Hysterectomy | Cut off the junction between the cervix and vagina |
| 7. Suture the wound | Close the vaginal stump and stop bleeding |
| 8. Postoperative treatment | Remove the specimen, exhaust air, and suture the incision |
3. Surgical risks and complications
According to recent medical forum discussions, the risks that patients are most concerned about include:
| Risk type | incidence | Precautions |
|---|---|---|
| bleeding | 1-3% | Preoperative correction of anemia, careful operation |
| infection | 2-5% | Aseptic procedures, prophylactic antibiotics |
| Organ damage | 0.5-2% | The surgical field is fully exposed and experienced doctors |
| thrombosis | 1-2% | Early postoperative mobilization and anticoagulation therapy |
| menopausal symptoms | 100% of patients who had their ovaries removed | hormone replacement therapy |
4. Precautions for postoperative recovery
Based on the rehabilitation experience shared by recent patients, the key time points are organized:
| time stage | Things to note |
|---|---|
| 24 hours after surgery | Monitor vital signs and initiate bed activities |
| 3-7 days | Gradually resume eating and getting out of bed to move around |
| within 2 weeks | Avoid lifting heavy objects (>5kg) and bathing in the bath is prohibited |
| 4-6 weeks | Review the healing of the vaginal stump |
| 3 months later | Can resume normal activities (doctor’s evaluation required) |
5. Answers to hot questions
According to the analysis of Internet search data in the past 10 days, the TOP3 issues that patients are most concerned about:
1.Will surgery affect sex life?Research shows that 60% of patients return to a satisfactory sexual life 3 months after surgery, and the vaginal length can usually be maintained at 7-10cm.
2.Do ovaries need to be removed?Unless malignant or high-risk, ovaries are usually preserved in patients under 45 years of age.
3.How much does the surgery cost?Domestic public hospital expenses: laparotomy surgery is 15,000-20,000 yuan, laparoscopy is 20,000-30,000 yuan, and robotic surgery is 40,000-60,000 yuan.
Conclusion:Hysterectomy surgery requires the selection of an appropriate surgical method based on the patient's specific conditions. With the development of minimally invasive technology, 90% of benign cases can currently be completed laparoscopically. It is recommended that patients fully communicate with their attending doctors to develop a personalized treatment plan.
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